Why protect native prairie?
Prior to European settlement, more than 18 million acres of prairie covered Minnesota. A wealth of diverse species, habitats and cultures thrived here. With its fertile soil and nutritious grasses, prairie became the basis for an agricultural empire. Today, less than two percent of Minnesota's native prairie remains . It is North America's most endangered habitat type. The near elimination of native prairie has inspired many efforts to protect remaining parcels.
- Benefits of protecting prairie
Prairies occur in open landscapes dominated by a diversity of grasses and forbs (wildflowers). But, prairies are more than grass and flowers. They're entire ecosystems of flowering plants, ferns, lichens, mammals, birds, bees, butterflies, beetles, bacteria, fungi and thousands of other different organisms! All of which interact with one another in a complex web. Prairies provide valuable habitat for Minnesota wildlife and contribute to Minnesotan's quality of life:
Providing Habitat
- Prairie produces food, cover, and nesting sites for a wide variety of wildlife
- Of special note is the critical habitat prairie provides for pollinators (bees, butterflies, etc.)
- Wildlife and native plants have developed together over thousands of years
Providing Clean Water
- Prairies trap nutrients and sediment
- Prairies promote water infiltration (reducing erosion)
- Prairies recharge groundwater
Developing Healthy Soils
- Prairie plant roots break down into rich organic matter
- Water holding capacity of these rich soils is very high
Boosting Rural Economies
- Livestock grazing and haying can benefit both the prairie and sustainable agriculture practices
- Hunting and wildlife viewing opportunities bring visitors needing food, lodging, gas, etc.
- Prairie produces food, cover, and nesting sites for a wide variety of wildlife
Resources
Guides to Prairie Restoration in Minnesota
Going Native: A Prairie Restoration Handbook for Minnesota Landowners
How to Use Native Plants for Landscaping and Restoration in Minnesota
Native Plant Suppliers and Landscapers in Minnesota
Minnesota's Native Plant Communities
For more information
Minnesota Scientific & Natural Areas
Minnesota Soil and Water Conservation Districts
The Nature Conservancy - Minnesota Chapter
Northern Tallgrass Prairie Project (U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service)